“Period pain is normal.”

“Every girl goes through it.”

“Don’t be so dramatic.”

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These are phrases millions of Indian women have grown up hearing—especially when they complain about severe menstrual pain that leaves them bedridden. But what if it’s not “just period pain”?

 For 1 in 10 women globally, it’s something far more serious: Endometriosis. And in India, the condition remains dangerously underdiagnosed, misunderstood, and often dismissed altogether.

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a chronic, painful condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside it—on ovaries, fallopian tubes, intestines, and even the bladder. This tissue behaves like uterine lining, thickening, breaking down, and bleeding with every menstrual cycle. But since it’s outside the uterus, it has nowhere to go—causing inflammation, pain, and internal scarring.

Why It’s Underdiagnosed in India

1. Normalizing Menstrual Pain

In many Indian households, period pain is normalized, no matter how extreme. Girls are taught to "tough it out" rather than seek medical attention.

 2. Lack of Menstrual Health Education

There’s limited education around menstrual and reproductive health in schools. Many women don’t even know what’s normal and what’s not.

 3. Stigma & Shame

Taboos around menstruation discourage women from discussing symptoms openly. This leads to delayed reporting and medical neglect.

 4. Medical Dismissal

Even when women seek help, doctors often dismiss their concerns as “psychosomatic” or exaggerated. Research shows it takes 7–10 years on average to diagnose endometriosis.

What the Data Says

●An estimated 25 million women in India may suffer from endometriosis.

●According to a 2022 report in The Lancet, nearly 70% of women with chronic pelvic pain go undiagnosed or misdiagnosed.

●India lacks nationwide data and policy-level focus on endometriosis, making awareness and research funding minimal.

Common Symptoms of Endometriosis

Severe menstrual cramps

●Pain during intercourse

●Chronic pelvic or lower back pain

●Painful bowel movements or urination 

● Fatigue, nausea, and bloating

●Infertility

If any of these symptoms are disrupting daily life, it’s not “normal”—and should be investigated.

Real Stories, Real Struggles

 Shruti, 28, from Pune, says,

“I missed school and later office every month because of my periods. It took 8 years, 6 doctors, and a diagnostic laparoscopy to finally get a diagnosis. Until then, I was told I had anxiety.”

 Meher, 35, from Delhi, struggled with infertility for years:

“Only after I changed my gynecologist did someone mention endometriosis. I had Stage III. Why did no one catch it earlier?”

Current Treatment Options

There’s no permanent cure, but symptoms can be managed through:

●Hormonal therapy (birth control pills, GnRH agonists)

●Pain relief medications

●Laparoscopic surgery to remove lesions

●Lifestyle changes like diet and stress management

 Early diagnosis drastically improves quality of life.

Need for Greater Awareness in India

To combat the silent epidemic of undiagnosed endometriosis, India urgently needs:

●Incorporation of menstrual health in school curriculums

●Training for general physicians and gynecologists

●Awareness campaigns targeting young women and parents

●Affordable diagnostic tools and public health schemes

 The silence around endometriosis isn’t just a health issue—it’s a gender equity issue. Women deserve to be believed, treated, and healed.

Final Thoughts

Endometriosis is not just “bad period pain”—it’s a chronic medical condition that can disrupt a woman’s personal, professional, and emotional life. The sooner India starts listening to women’s pain, the closer we get to early diagnosis, timely treatment, and real dignity in healthcare.

If you—or someone you know—is struggling with unexplained menstrual pain, don’t brush it off. Speak up. Seek help. You’re not alone, and your pain is valid.

Related Resources:

●Endometriosis Society India

●[AIIMS Women’s Health Initiative]

●[Government Menstrual Health Schemes]

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